Farkındalık ve Yoga
Çağdaş Davranış Terapisi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61518/ijpw-34Anahtar Kelimeler:
Davranış Terapisi, Farkındalık, Meditasyon, Yoga, DanışmanlıkÖzet
Son yıllarda farkındalık meditasyonu ve yoga uygulamaları psikolojik danışmanların ilgisini çeken bir konu olmaya başlamıştır. Bu uygulamalar, bazı kültürlerde alternatif yada alışılmışın dışında gibi görünse de aslında davranış terapisinin şemsiyesi altına
girmektedir. Davranış terapisinde beceri geliştirmeye verilen önem göz önüne alındığında, farkındalık ve yoga, rahatsız edici semptomları azaltma hedefine uymaktadır. Makale kapsamında, davranış terapisi merceğindeki bu uygulamaları daha iyi anlamak amacıyla söz konusu müdahalelerle ilgili araştırmalar incelenmektedir. Makalede, farkındalık meditasyonu ve yoga uygulamalarına yönelik günümüzdeki eğilimler sentezlenmeden önce, davranış terapisinin temelleri ve tarihi bir özet şeklinde ele alınmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, bunların etkililiğine ilişkin çalışmalar tartışılmaktadır. Yoga veya fiziksel aktivite, Farkındalık Temelli Stres Azaltma (MBSR) terapisinin yanı sıra Farkındalık Temelli Bilişsel Terapinin (MBCT) de mükemmel bir tamamlayıcısı konumundadır. Farkındalık temelli yaklaşımlar depresif belirtileri, kaygıyı, huzursuzluğu (disfori), tükenmişliği ve ruminasyonları azaltmada etkilidir. Ayrıca, bu müdahaleler öz düzenlemeyle ilişkili sosyal ve duygusal becerileri desteklemektedir. Bununla
birlikte, seçilen terapi danışanın hedeflerine ve terapistin eğitim deneyimine bağlıdır. Eğer danışan ifade edilen sonuçları talep ediyorsa ve farkındalık ve yoga uygulamalarına açıksa, bu yöntemler konusunda eğitim almış bir danışman davranış terapisinin bu yönünü uygulamaktan çekinmemelidir. Makalede, danışanların beceri geliştirme yoluyla iyi oluşlarını artırmalarına yardımcı olacak öneriler sunulmaktadır.
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