Pozitif Psikolojide Özerklik Kavramları ve Ölçümleri

Yazarlar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61518/ijpw-68

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Özerklik, Ölçek, Ölçüt, Pozitif Psikoloji

Özet

Özerklik, psikolojinin bir bilim olarak kuruluşundan bu yana incelenen bir konu olmuştur. Ancak, 1960'larda insanın pozitif ve sağlığı teşvik edici yönlerine odaklanma eğilimi ile başlayan ve 1990'larda pozitif psikolojinin ortaya çıkışıyla sonuçlanan süreçte, özerklik kavramına daha spesifik bir ilgi gösterilmiştir. Kaydedilen önemli ilerlemelere rağmen, son zamanlarda araştırmacılar, aynı kavramı değerlendiren birden fazla ölçeğin kullanılması, düşük güvenilirliğe sahip araçların artışı ve aşırı ölçek üretiminin genelleştirme kapasitesini azaltması gibi sorunlara dikkat çekmiştir. Bu durum, pozitif psikolojide yeni araştırmacılar için “Özerkliği ölçmek için hangi ölçeği kullanmalıyım?” sorusu bağlamında güçlük yaratmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amaçları, (1) pozitif psikoloji bağlamında özerklik ölçümüne yönelik mevcut ölçekleri tanımlamak ve niteliksel olarak özetlemek ve (2) bu ölçeklerin geçerlik süreçlerini Amerikan Psikoloji Derneği tarafından önerilen kanıt kriterlerine göre değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada, Sistematik Derleme ve Meta-Analizler için Tercih Edilen Raporlama Öğeleri (PRISMA) çerçevesinde literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Doksan sekiz ölçek/ alt ölçek belirlenerek, dil, hedef kitle, ölçüm bağlamı, yapısal geçerlilik ve teorik temel açısından kategorize edilmiştir. Çalışmalarda ağırlıklı olarak iç yapı ve diğer değişkenlerle ilgili geçerlik prosedürleri rapor edilmekte ve hiçbirinde sonuçların değerlendirilmesine yönelik bir analiz bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma, kapsamlı ve bütüncül bir bakış açısı sunarak ve araştırmacılara en uygun özerklik ölçeğini seçmede yardımcı olarak pozitif psikoloji alanına katkıda bulunmaktadır.

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2025-03-01

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

Fernandes, C. J., Neto, F., Borges Fernandes , S., Fernandes de Alencar , T. L., & Costa, P. (2025). Pozitif Psikolojide Özerklik Kavramları ve Ölçümleri . International Journal of Positivity & Well-Being, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.61518/ijpw-68